This is part of the quest “Liberty Reprimed” where you can get the stockpile of nukes needed for Liberty Prime’s arsenal.
The elevators are not functioning the first time you visit the area so you have to use the walkway. From the main entrance, follow the walkway to the east (left) then push the large button to open the security door. Once inside the room, go downstairs and pick up the Sentinel Site Blast Door Override holotape from the table. Near it is an issue of Astoundingly Awesome Tales.
You can load the Override holotape on the terminal nearby to open the blast door if you want; however, there are no valuable items to loot there so proceed only as you want. Head to the next observation room and you can open the blast doors as well using the override holotape. There’s a chem station under Observation Pod B.
Continue to the third observation pod. The terminal outside the blast door can disable the launch sequence. Do this to stop the warning lights, restore elevator functionality, and open the blast doors. Continue to the bottom floor and you’ll find a tunnel. There are a lot of feral ghouls inside so be prepared.
Follow the straightforward path until you reach a split. To the right is a sleeping quarters with Beds and Novice locked crate. Take the other path and be careful of two ghouls that will ambush you. After exiting through the opening on the wall, turn to your immediate right so you can access the other sleeping quarters behind the caved-in portion of the tunnel.
After getting the loot, continue along the tunnel until you reach another split. Head left for now and kill the two ghouls playing possum. Loot the bodies and continue until you reach the end of the tunnel. The red door here is where the stockpile of nukes are located. You can enter it through the white door beside the terminal though it may only be accessible during the quest “Liberty Reprimed”. Collect all the loot here then press the button to call the lift.
The lift has a Glowing One so be prepared. Loot the red steamer trunk then press the button again to activate the lift up and to exit the site. (Take note that the lift might not go down on your second visit)
Nuke Stockpile
(Accessible after using Henri's terminal during the quest “Liberty Reprimed”. )
Once you've reached the end of the tunnel, you'll find a large red door. Enter through the white door above the stairs and broken terminal to reach the stockpile. Once inside, a Children of Atom cultist named Brother Henri will approach you. If you successfully talked your way in convincing him, you'll receive his terminal's password and you won't have to fight the nearby assaultron. Pick up the Cpt. Dunleavy's holotape in the nearby table as well. Operate the terminal to open the heavy doors.
Mini-nuke in front of the heavy lifter