Charisma

Charisma Training

This stat gives you access to more dialogue options and prices when you barter items. In conversations with "speech checks", you'll get colored responses depending on the difficulty of that answer compared to your current Charisma level. Having access to these alternate responses or selections can Lead to amusing conversations or even better rewards.

Cap Collector

This perk increases the amount you get from selling items while enjoying discounted prices from traders. This perk's last rank allows you to invest 500 caps to increase the store/trader's cap limit the next time he/she refreshes their inventory. In addition, Local Leader perk along with this perk also allows you build stores in your settlements and workshops

Black Widow/ Lady Killer

Lady Killer is for male characters only and its corresponding perk, Black Widow, is available to female characters only. This perk gives additional alternate dialogue options when the player is interacting with another character of the opposite sex.

Lone Wanderer

This perk increases your carrying capacity and damage resistance when traveling alone. What's important to note is that this applies only to human companions. While Dogmeat is technically a companion, you'll still enjoy the benefits of this perk should you decide to travel with Dogmeat only.

Attack Dog

This perk is specifically made for Dogmeat (goes well if you decide to travel with Dogmeat exclusively and get the Lone Wanderer perk as well) which will enable him to occasionally grab hold an enemy and keep it steady, allowing you to shoot the target with increased accuracy.

Animal Friend

This perk allows you to pacify hostile animals by looking at them through your gun's sights and confirming by pressing the displayed button. You can only attempt to pacify an animal once; if you failed, you won't get the chance to pacify it again. (But seriously though, do you really need this perk?)

Local Leader

This perk is mainly for managing workshops or settlements. You don't need to get this perk early on unless you're planning on spending time managing settlements under your control. This perk also unlocks additional building options for your settlements.

Party Boy/Girl

This perk allows you to enjoy the stat boosting and healing effects of various alcoholic drinks in the game. Similar to chems, consuming too much alcohol can Lead to addiction which has considerable negative effects to your stats. If you're planning on relying on alcohol for survival, this perk will help you out.

Inspirational

This perk is purely for enhancing your trusty companions' capabilities.

Wasteland Whisperer

Similar to Animal Friend perk, this perk will give you a chance to pacify any wasteland creature several levels lower than yours. Remember that there's no guarantee that this work. You still need to aim your sights at the targeted creature. Take note that the pacified creature will return to being hostile when you holster your weapon or doing an action that will automatically holster your weapon.

For objectives requiring clearing an area of enemies, pacified enemies still count as hostiles so you still have to kill them in order to complete the objective.

According to the game's wiki page, the confirmed pacifi-able creatures are listed below:

• Bloatfly
• Bloodbug
• Deathclaw
• Feral ghoul
• Mirelurk
• Radroach
• Radscorpion
• Stingwing
• Super mutant
• Synth

Intimidation

Similar to Animal Friend and Wasteland Whisperer perks, you also need to aim at the target lower than your level then attempt to intimidate them using a similar command. Pacified persons can be ordered to attack or given specific commands when you have this perk's higher ranks. Intimidation doesn't always work so if you fail an attempt, this will be treated as "assault", prompting the target and his/her nearby allies to attack you.

Images courtesy of Fallout Wikia.