This repeatable quest where the settler will tell you about a creature that may pose a threat to the settlement. If you agreed to help them hunt this creature, they’ll come along with you. The location of the Hermit Crabs are fixed, due to their disguise (an open van) and size. If you managed to encounter and kill one before triggering the quest, a new hermit crab will spawn to replace it. The location of the hermit crabs can also vary so it’s possible for the settlers to “detect” or report a hermit crab location in the far end of their settlement. When that happens, it’s safe to fast-travel to the nearest map marker and head to the location. The settlers will be usually gathered there, waiting for you to arrive. You can also take the matter in your own hands and defeat it alone.
Hermit Crabs have high HP and damage resistance, to almost any type of weapon. Your best bet is to unload your most powerful weapons and inflict criticals. They can also spawn hatchlings that will annoy you but it’s possible to kill all hatchlings before they get spawned by throwing a grenade near the hermit crab during it’s “spawning” or birthing animation. Hermit crabs usually drop several loot, including their rare meat.