Here is a complete list of where to find every pod program in the game to unlock the Weapons Maniac trophy.
(01.) R010: Laser - Given automatically in the prologue chapter of Route A.
(02.) R020: Mirage - Purchase from maintenance shop in the Bunker or the Resistance Camp.
(03.) R030: Hammer - Purchase from maintenance shop in the Bunker or the Resistance Camp.
(04.) R040: Blade - Purchase from maintenance shop in the Bunker or the Resistance Camp.
(05.) R050: Spear - Purchase from maintenance shop in the Bunker or the Resistance Camp.
(06.) A060: P Shield - Purchase from maintenance shop in the Bunker or the Resistance Camp.
(07.) R070: M Shield - Purchase from maintenance shop in the Bunker or the Resistance Camp.
(08.) A080: Wave - Reward for completing sidequest: Wandering Couple.
(09.) A090: Wire - Reward for completing sidequest: Amnesia
(10.) A110: Slow - Reward for completing sidequest: Data Analysis Freak 2
(11.) A120: Repair - Reward for completing sidequest: Sorting Trouble 3.
(12.) A130: Bomb - Reward for completing sidequest: Find a Present
(13.) A140: Gravity - Reward for completing sidequest: Retrieve the Confidential Intel.
(14.) A170: Scanner - Receive from Davola and Papola in Route A.
(15.) A100: Decoy - Found in City Ruins. On the building where 2B and 9S landed when they arrived in the city for the first time (Route C).
(16.) A150: Volt - Found in Amusement Park. In the same location as the Amusement Park Goliath Tank (Route C).
(17.) A160: Missile - Found in Abandoned Factory. On top of some containers where 2B started in the prologue chapter of Route A (Route C).