Do NOT drop down! First, turn right and climb through the hole in the wall. Move to the left end of this wooden walkway to find Treasure 71, Carved Horn Bird Sculpture on the cart. Now drop down one level and talk to Sam for Optional Conversation 14. Don't drop down, but run over the walkway to the right and jump from the furthest point to the small roof up ahead. From here, continue by jumping to the open window in the building up ahead. Go inside, turn right and look for Note 9.
Go out of the room and drop down to the right (through the doorway). Inspect the saber on the table and (after the short scene) step a few meters away, then speak with Sam as a Triangle appears above his head for Optional Conversation 15. In the main street, go to the stone building with a huge, tall hole in its corner/side and climb up to the first floor. You can sit down on the chairs here and converse with Sam multiple times to unlock Optional Conversation 16.
Continue to the next building (same side of the main street) and inspect the horse bones for Journal Entry 17, then speak with Sam again for Optional Conversation 17. At the end of the main street, check out the (tomb)stone for Journal Entry 18. Facing this stone, turn down the alley to the right, then into the building on your left side. Check out the room to the left for Treasure 72, Mughal Vase.
In the area up ahead, inspect the back of the Avery statue for Journal Entry 19. Check out Sam putting his head in one of the decapitating stands for Journal Entry 20 and Optional Conversation 18. Enter the house behind these stands and check out the cell to the far left; go through the hole to find Treasure 73, Ancient Stone Pot.
Now that you've done everything in the village, head back to the square with Avery's statue and check out the building behind the statue, in the back. Go up the very small steps and go through the building. In the next room, where the walkway is mostly destroyed, crawl underneath the wood. If you do this, the current area will be blocked off, so be warned.
Head through the hideout and check out the map on the right wall. Climb the ladder at the end, then head right to find Treasure 74, Painted Copper Bottle. Exit out of the tunnel by going down with the rope.
The next area has various mercenaries in it. You can either try and sneak behind them as much as you can, or go in guns blazing. At the end of the area, use the rope to reach a building far up ahead, and from here, swing to the next platform (you can also swing to this platform immediately).
Go through the doorway, drop down on the right and check the table for Note #10. Go outside, turn around immediately and climb the beams of the house you just came out of. To the left, while still hanging on the beams, you can find Treasure #75, Mughal Jade Bottle
Leap down to the next building and use the poles up ahead to swing to yet another building. Go around the corner, climb up and drop down in the tall grass. You've reached another area with mercenaries. Try to stay hidden and pull guards from ledges into the ravine. Especially try to defeat the armored mercenary with shotgun up ahead by sneaking up on him. You'll need to tap Triangle several times to defeat him.
At the end of the area, boost Sam up to a high opening and move over the wooden ledge. Drop down the next room and 'open' the double doors. Climb the tower to the very top and use the rope to reach the next area. Climb the stairs and turn right. It may appear there's nothing to do here, but there in fact is. Check out the tree on the side of the building. If you leap towards it and use the rope, then you can swing to a secret room on the side to find Treasure #76, Slipjoint Claspknife.
Go back and climb through the open window. In the next room, use the rope to move across the gap and head right over the wooden ledge. In this room, search for Treasure #77, Large Bronze Boar on the desk. Head back to the wooden ledge and go around the corner. Use the rope to get across and go through the hole in the wall. Slide down the slope. In this large room, go up the stairs on the right and follow them to the end; leap over the gap and check the table for Treasure #78, Stout Vase.
In the main hall, go through the hole in the wall to reach a large square. Wait at the pool of water and improvised barricade until you can speak with Sam for Optional Conversation 19. Move around this, then go to the far right end of the area. Check behind the pillars here for a fallen chair, which is where Treasure #79, Mughal Serving Vase is located.