Can you get fire arrows, ice arrows, and light arrows in this game?

For the fire and ice arrows:
First you must find the cyclone god and hit him with a few arrows or bombs, when you defeat him he will teach you a song which allows to warp to different parts of the sea. Once you learn it, warp to the islands near the fortress which you can't get into by shore. Inside you will be given the fire and ice arrows.

For the light arrows:
You will find the near the end of the game, in Ganondorf's tower (not fortress).

Yes you can get all them arrows

You get fire arrows and ice arrows after you get the power to be transported by cyclopes, the frog person. It lets you transport into this circular place outside, with tress, grass and stuff. This fairy will give you thoses arrows there. (You can only get in to the circular room by getting the with the cyclone.) You get light arrows at the end of the game at Gannon's temple, but that's really deep into the game.(the light arrows witth destroy any and all enemies on contact, armor or not!)

Yes you can.

You won't be able to get them until you meet Hyrule's King: Daphnes Nohansen
Hyrule and then return to the Great Sea. Once that's happened, sail to Mother & Child Isles and approach the Cyclone until it sucks you in. Then, use your Bow to shoot the guy (Cyclos) in the Tornado with 3 Arrows to learn a new Song (the Ballad of Gales). Now play the Song and transport to Mother & Child Isles (you'll see why)! Then go to Ice Ring Isle and shoot a Fire Arrow at the Island to start a 5 minute timer - enter the Island and get the Iron Boots within the 5 minutes. Now go to Fire Mountain and use an Ice Arrow on the Island to start another 5 minute timer - enter the Island and get the Power Bracelets within the 5 minutes. Then you'll be ready for the 2 Temples (Earth and Wind). As for the Light Arrows, you can get them, but you won't until near the end of the game - so don't worry about them just yet!

I could say how, but I want to be simple:
Yes.

Yes