Four bottles
Bottle #1 - Find all seven Cuccoos and place them back in their pen for the woman in Kakariko Village. The first time you do this, you will receive an empty bottle. Any other time, you will receive a Purple Rupee (worth 50 Rupees).
Bottle #2 - Return to Lon Lon Rach (as a child) after you have woken Talo up in the Hyrule Castle Courtyard. Enter Talo's house on the Ranch and win his Cuccoo fiding game. You will receive a bottle filled with Lon Lon Milk as a prize.
Bottle #3 - Retrieve the bottle with Princess Ruto's Letter at the bottom of Lake Hylia. This is the only bottle that you have no choice but to retrieve in order to continue with your quest.
Bottle #4 - As an adult, capture all fifteen large Poe spirits from Hyrule Field (by horseback archery). After you have returned all fifteen to the Poe Hunter in Hyrule Castle Town, he will reward you with an empty bottle.
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