Ok I have a few questions 1) Can you evolve?

1) yes you can evolve after you beat the game. Scroll up a bit and you'll see what I left for some one else

1) Yes, Pokemon do evolve in this game. Unfortunately, you cannot evolve anyone until you beat the game. When you do beat the game, go to the Whishcash Pond.
2) I have no idea, I haven't gotten that far in the game yet.
3) I have no idea, I haven't gotten that far in the game yet.^^
Sorry I couldn't help more...

1.they will evolve of course, but you need to beat the game first. Some poke need to be trade or must hold an item to evolve.

2.you are strong enough, use ember for christ sake. Articuno is an ice type, ice are weak agains fire types

3.well i'll say 8%, you will battle groudon and rayquza, after that you finish the first part of the game and more missions to come.

1)Yes, after you beat the main story mode which would be after you battle Rayquazza at Sky Tower. You cannot evolve until then!! You'll be able to ditch your partner and go into a cave to evolve any 1 Pokemon at a time, but it must be alone. You'll be able to put your partner on stand by and send them to their friend area, and you can switch leaders in the friend areas, too. But that's a little ways off, you can ask more later or read my answer about evolving a Charmander on this page for more on that...
2)Frosty Forest is the first really tough dungeon, things get harder really quick all of a sudden, huh? Sorry, I can't remember my levels when I went through there. If you can't beat Articuno after many trys, then obviously you need to either level up some more, get better moves, or try a different approach. Rock, Fire, and Electric are what you need against him, so Totodile isn't alot of help I agree ( I had Mudkip, though, with Pikachu as partner, and Mudkip beat him by himself mostly! He was probably a higher level than you are though, but I did alot of Rescue Missions early on and was already Diamond rank by then, so I'm sure it was much easier for me.) so you need to do something! Sticks, Iron Thorns, Silver Spikes, and gravelrocks* (*though these in particular don't do that much damage) are a good idea since they deal the same amount of damage at any level, so try to get and use some of these items. The best idea though, would probably be to go do some rescue missions, but I'm not sure you can at this point(you're being chased still, right?), so maybe you can keep going into Frosty Forest and get leveled up that way, since the foes are tougher then the other dungeons, it should be pretty easy. You'll need Charmander's help though, so reduce his moves to only the good ones and arrange yourself so he'll be able to attack Articuno as well as you. Also, you might try using a TM for a better move or two, but I don't know what you have in inventory to use. (Thunderbolt would do the job nicely, but your guys can't learn it.) Since Charmander doesn't know Flamethrower yet, you could teach him that with a TM, and then make it the only move he can use. That could do the trick!
3) You're pretty far into the main story line, but don't rush since you'll need to do some rescue missions to level up for the later missions, and you may want to recruit and train a few Pokemon to help you out, as well. After Articuno is out of the way, there are only 4 major missions left in the main story line, one you'll do right after Articuno-which is to speak with Ninetales, do at least 3 missions then off to Uproar Forest to settle the Mankeys down. Get the Mankeys to fix up your base and do at least 6 missions, then off to Magma Cavern for a battle with Groudon. After that, it's just the Rayquazza mission and your done with the main story mode. Don't worry though, there's plenty more to do!

Oh, yeah, for beating Articuno I forgot to mention-use a Power Band or Special Band (depending on what type moves you're going to use) on both of your Pokemon-it will increase either Attack or Special Attack by 12 points-that's like going up 12 or more levels!!! If you don't have one, look around because I find them everywhere!! That's gotta help you at your level, probably enough to make the difference!